country profile

Romania

Europe & Central AsiaHigh income19.02M population

Last updated July 15, 2026

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Emerging readiness

Composite GEFRI Score

Infrastructure is strongest, while Access & Parity remains a constraint

Romania demonstrates early-stage readiness to meet the challenges and opportunities of education in a rapidly changing world (57th percentile worldwide). Investments are generating initial gains, yet substantial gaps persist in several dimensions.

54.80Composite score
Global percentile
57th
Global rank
#77
Regional rank
#44
Viewing data for
Progressing readiness
Infrastructure
69.54
76th percentileGlobal avg. 55.13
Emerging readiness
Human Capital
50.37
47th percentileGlobal avg. 47.36
Emerging readiness
Innovation
53.15
73rd percentileGlobal avg. 46.19
Emerging readiness
Governance
56.96
71st percentileGlobal avg. 47.46
Severely underprepared
Access & Parity
43.98
46th percentileGlobal avg. 48.49

Country profile

Romania remains in the emerging-readiness range, with progress visible but major gaps still limiting future readiness. Most dimension scores sit close to global norms, without a single dimension standing far above the rest.

Uneven scores across dimensions show where readiness conditions are less aligned. High internet adoption enables broad participation in digital learning and innovation.

R&D investment remains modest, affecting long-term innovation potential. Gender parity across secondary pathways reflects sustained commitment to equitable participation.

School Access and Gender Parity presents a near-term leapfrog opportunity: performance is just below the global average, backed by enough observed data to support forward planning. Regionally, School Access and Gender Parity lags peers the most, signalling where investment could have the highest impact.

Key insights

Places 77th worldwide.

Holds a regional position of 44th within Europe & Central Asia.

Scores range from Infrastructure (69.5) to Access & Parity (44.0), reflecting variation across dimensions.

Trails regional peers most clearly in Access & Parity.

Regional peers: Europe & Central Asia

Composite GEFRI Score

Global rankRegional rankCountryScore
11Denmark81.59
52Sweden77.08
63Switzerland77.02
74Finland76.93
85Germany76.56
96Netherlands76.56
107United Kingdom76.38
118Norway76.20
139Austria75.95
1510France75.22
1811Estonia73.17
1912Portugal73.10
2213Czechia72.05
2314Ireland71.89
2415Lithuania71.85
2516Iceland71.73
2617Belgium71.58
2718Poland71.56
2819Slovenia71.48
2920Spain71.36
3021Luxembourg70.52
3122Italy69.92
3223Cyprus69.86
3524Greece69.56
3625Latvia68.02
LiechtensteinMicrostate67.57
3726Hungary66.10
3827Croatia64.91
GibraltarMicrostate64.27
San MarinoMicrostate64.21
4228Moldova63.44
4329Bulgaria62.53
MonacoMicrostate62.37
4430Serbia61.97
4731Turkiye61.45
AndorraMicrostate61.32
4832Slovak Republic61.14
5133Armenia60.55
5234Montenegro60.47
5435Russian Federation60.20
GreenlandMicrostate59.84
Channel IslandsMicrostate59.44
5536Albania59.03
5637Kazakhstan59.00
Isle of ManMicrostate58.99
Faroe IslandsMicrostate58.58
5838North Macedonia58.56
5939Uzbekistan58.51
6040Belarus58.48
6341Georgia57.75
6742Bosnia and Herzegovina56.89
7043Kyrgyz Republic56.84
7744Romania54.80
8645Kosovo51.87
9146Turkmenistan50.84
9247UkraineFCS50.60
9548Azerbaijan49.48
10949Tajikistan43.25