country profile

Kosovo

Europe & Central AsiaUpper middle income1.58M population

Last updated July 15, 2026

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Emerging readiness

Composite GEFRI Score

Infrastructure is improving, while Access & Parity remains a constraint

Kosovo demonstrates early-stage readiness to meet the challenges and opportunities of education in a rapidly changing world (52nd percentile worldwide). Investments are generating initial gains, yet substantial gaps persist in several dimensions.

51.87Composite score
Global percentile
52nd
Global rank
#86
Regional rank
#45
Viewing data for
Progressing readiness
Infrastructure
62.32
53rd percentileGlobal avg. 55.13
Emerging readiness
Human Capital
55.29
66th percentileGlobal avg. 47.36
Emerging readiness
Innovation
50.88
70th percentileGlobal avg. 46.19
Emerging readiness
Governance
48.23
56th percentileGlobal avg. 47.46
Severely underprepared
Access & Parity
42.63
45th percentileGlobal avg. 48.49

Country profile

Kosovo remains in the emerging-readiness range, with progress visible but major gaps still limiting future readiness. Most dimension scores sit close to global norms, without a single dimension standing far above the rest.

Dimension scores cluster tightly, showing the system operates with balanced readiness. High internet adoption enables broad participation in digital learning and innovation.

R&D investment remains modest, affecting long-term innovation potential. Policy execution and regulatory capacity remain weak, leaving reforms fragmented and hard to sustain. Gender parity across secondary pathways reflects sustained commitment to equitable participation.

School Access and Gender Parity presents a near-term leapfrog opportunity: performance is just below the global average, backed by enough observed data to support forward planning.

Many indicators are imputed, so the profile should be treated as a limited signal rather than a complete measurement.

Key insights

Places 86th worldwide.

Holds a regional position of 45th within Europe & Central Asia.

Scores range from Infrastructure (62.3) to Access & Parity (42.6), reflecting variation across dimensions.

Trails regional peers most clearly in Access & Parity.

Regional peers: Europe & Central Asia

Composite GEFRI Score

Global rankRegional rankCountryScore
11Denmark81.59
52Sweden77.08
63Switzerland77.02
74Finland76.93
85Germany76.56
96Netherlands76.56
107United Kingdom76.38
118Norway76.20
139Austria75.95
1510France75.22
1811Estonia73.17
1912Portugal73.10
2213Czechia72.05
2314Ireland71.89
2415Lithuania71.85
2516Iceland71.73
2617Belgium71.58
2718Poland71.56
2819Slovenia71.48
2920Spain71.36
3021Luxembourg70.52
3122Italy69.92
3223Cyprus69.86
3524Greece69.56
3625Latvia68.02
LiechtensteinMicrostate67.57
3726Hungary66.10
3827Croatia64.91
GibraltarMicrostate64.27
San MarinoMicrostate64.21
4228Moldova63.44
4329Bulgaria62.53
MonacoMicrostate62.37
4430Serbia61.97
4731Turkiye61.45
AndorraMicrostate61.32
4832Slovak Republic61.14
5133Armenia60.55
5234Montenegro60.47
5435Russian Federation60.20
GreenlandMicrostate59.84
Channel IslandsMicrostate59.44
5536Albania59.03
5637Kazakhstan59.00
Isle of ManMicrostate58.99
Faroe IslandsMicrostate58.58
5838North Macedonia58.56
5939Uzbekistan58.51
6040Belarus58.48
6341Georgia57.75
6742Bosnia and Herzegovina56.89
7043Kyrgyz Republic56.84
7744Romania54.80
8645Kosovo51.87
9146Turkmenistan50.84
9247UkraineFCS50.60
9548Azerbaijan49.48
10949Tajikistan43.25