country profile

Sao Tome and Principe

Sub-Saharan AfricaLower middle income240K population

Last updated August 26, 2026

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Fragile/Conflict-Affected Country: This country is classified as experiencing institutional and social fragility.

In fragile and conflict-affected settings, severe data gaps, rapid disruption, and uneven reporting can distort index values. These scores should be read as a limited signal, not a complete picture of conditions in the country.

Microstate notice: This country is classified as a microstate (population under 300,000) and is indexed but not included in GEFRI global or regional rankings.
Severely underprepared

Composite GEFRI Score

Severe readiness constraints across dimensions

Sao Tome and Principe shows severely limited readiness to meet the challenges and opportunities of education in a rapidly changing world (21st percentile worldwide). Key structural conditions limit capacity to plan, implement, and sustain forward-looking reforms.

37.69Composite score
Global percentile
21st
Global rank
Not ranked (microstate)
Regional rank
Not ranked (microstate)
Viewing data for
Emerging readiness
Infrastructure
51.37
23rd percentileGlobal avg. 70.44
Emerging readiness
Human Capital
52.38
26th percentileGlobal avg. 66.18
Critically unprepared
Innovation
27.15
10th percentileGlobal avg. 48.64
Severely underprepared
Governance
42.89
46th percentileGlobal avg. 47.07
Critically unprepared
Access & Parity
14.65
10th percentileGlobal avg. 60.85

Country profile

Sao Tome and Principe faces substantial readiness constraints across core dimensions. Its weakest results are in Human Capital (52, 26th percentile), Infrastructure (51, 23rd percentile), GEFRI Composite (38, 21st percentile), Innovation (27, 10th percentile) and School Access and Gender Parity (15, 10th percentile). These gaps continue to weigh on overall readiness.

Uneven scores across dimensions show where readiness conditions are less aligned. Limited electricity or internet coverage still constrains classrooms, preventing large-scale digital instruction. Literacy or tertiary enrollment gaps thin the talent pipeline and limit the country’s capacity to develop future-ready skills.

Sparse R&D investment and a small research workforce slow experimentation and delay new ideas from reaching learners. Policy execution and regulatory capacity remain weak, leaving reforms fragmented and hard to sustain. Gender parity across secondary pathways reflects sustained commitment to equitable participation.

Governance presents a near-term leapfrog opportunity: performance is just below the global average, backed by enough observed data to support forward planning.

Many indicators are imputed, so the profile should be treated as a limited signal rather than a complete measurement.

Key insights

Falls below many peers at the 21st percentile.

Scores range from Human Capital (52.4) to Access & Parity (14.7), reflecting variation across dimensions.

Trails regional peers most clearly in Access & Parity.

Regional peers: Sub-Saharan Africa

Composite GEFRI Score

Global rankRegional rankCountryScore
611Mauritius69.13
672South Africa68.78
SeychellesMicrostate64.14
863Botswana63.01
974Namibia59.03
1005Ghana58.00
1156Eswatini49.17
1167Cabo Verde49.06
1238Rwanda44.81
1279Gambia, The43.01
12810Kenya42.93
12911Senegal42.87
13012Gabon42.59
13213Equatorial Guinea41.26
13314Cote d'Ivoire41.19
13915Zambia38.11
14016Lesotho37.98
Sao Tome and PrincipeFCSMicrostate37.69
14117Togo37.61
14418Benin36.56
14519Zimbabwe36.55
14620Tanzania35.55
14721CameroonFCS35.16
14922Mauritania34.17
15023Sierra Leone33.62
15124ComorosFCS33.36
15225Burkina FasoFCS32.56
15326Congo, Rep.FCS32.39
15427Uganda32.27
15528Angola32.18
15729NigeriaFCS31.67
15830MozambiqueFCS30.55
15931MalawiFCS30.35
16032EthiopiaFCS30.26
16133MaliFCS29.69
16234Madagascar29.63
16435Guinea28.36
16536Guinea-BissauFCS28.36
16837Liberia24.94
16938NigerFCS24.54
17039Burundi24.53
17140Congo, Dem. Rep.FCS24.39
17241SudanFCS23.03
17342EritreaFCS21.02
17443ChadFCS20.62
17544Central African RepublicFCS20.44
17645SomaliaFCS20.32
17746South SudanFCS18.91