country profile

Sao Tome and Principe

Sub-Saharan AfricaLower middle income240K population

Last updated July 15, 2026

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Fragile/Conflict-Affected Country: This country is classified as experiencing institutional and social fragility.

In fragile and conflict-affected settings, severe data gaps, rapid disruption, and uneven reporting can distort index values. These scores should be read as a limited signal, not a complete picture of conditions in the country.

Microstate notice: This country is classified as a microstate (population under 300,000) and is indexed but not included in GEFRI global or regional rankings.
Critically unprepared

Composite GEFRI Score

Systemwide critical constraints

Sao Tome and Principe shows critically low readiness to meet the challenges and opportunities of education in a rapidly changing world (20th percentile worldwide). Core capabilities are weak across most dimensions, and essential systems face significant constraints.

29.18Composite score
Global percentile
20th
Global rank
Not ranked (microstate)
Regional rank
Not ranked (microstate)
Viewing data for
Severely underprepared
Infrastructure
42.29
24th percentileGlobal avg. 55.13
Severely underprepared
Human Capital
38.58
26th percentileGlobal avg. 47.36
Critically unprepared
Innovation
21.40
3rd percentileGlobal avg. 46.19
Severely underprepared
Governance
43.64
47th percentileGlobal avg. 47.46
Critically unprepared
Access & Parity
0.00
10th percentileGlobal avg. 48.49

Country profile

Sao Tome and Principe faces substantial readiness constraints across core dimensions. Its weakest results are in Infrastructure (42, 24th percentile), Human Capital (39, 26th percentile), GEFRI Composite (29, 20th percentile), Innovation (21, 3rd percentile) and School Access and Gender Parity (0, 10th percentile). These gaps continue to weigh on overall readiness.

Uneven scores across dimensions show where readiness conditions are less aligned. Limited electricity or internet coverage still constrains classrooms, preventing large-scale digital instruction. Literacy or tertiary enrollment gaps thin the talent pipeline and limit the country’s capacity to develop future-ready skills.

Sparse R&D investment and a small research workforce slow experimentation and delay new ideas from reaching learners. Policy execution and regulatory capacity remain weak, leaving reforms fragmented and hard to sustain. Gender parity across secondary pathways reflects sustained commitment to equitable participation.

Governance presents a near-term leapfrog opportunity: performance is just below the global average, backed by enough observed data to support forward planning.

Many indicators are imputed, so the profile should be treated as a limited signal rather than a complete measurement.

Key insights

Falls below many peers at the 20th percentile.

Scores range from Governance (43.6) to Access & Parity (0.0), reflecting variation across dimensions.

Trails regional peers most clearly in Access & Parity.

Regional peers: Sub-Saharan Africa

Composite GEFRI Score

Global rankRegional rankCountryScore
651South Africa57.44
742Mauritius55.85
SeychellesMicrostate55.06
803Botswana53.75
994Ghana48.08
1085Namibia44.23
1146Cabo Verde39.44
1207Eswatini36.39
1258Equatorial Guinea35.21
1269Senegal34.71
12710Gabon34.67
12811Rwanda34.54
13312Kenya32.83
13513Gambia, The32.46
13614Cote d'Ivoire32.04
13715Lesotho31.46
14016Tanzania29.45
14217Benin29.31
Sao Tome and PrincipeFCSMicrostate29.18
14318Togo28.93
14419Zimbabwe28.61
14520CameroonFCS28.42
14621Mauritania27.91
14822Zambia27.69
15023Angola27.20
15324Guinea25.53
15425MozambiqueFCS25.03
15526Madagascar24.90
15627Uganda24.77
15728Congo, Rep.FCS24.76
15829NigeriaFCS24.43
16030EthiopiaFCS24.27
16131Burkina FasoFCS24.20
16232ComorosFCS24.06
16333Sierra Leone23.91
16434MalawiFCS23.31
16535Liberia22.51
16636Guinea-BissauFCS22.30
16737MaliFCS21.77
16838Burundi20.39
16939SudanFCS19.96
17040NigerFCS19.49
17141EritreaFCS19.24
17242Congo, Dem. Rep.FCS19.13
17343ChadFCS17.06
17544SomaliaFCS16.33
17645South SudanFCS16.19
17746Central African RepublicFCS16.10